How can you do IVF after vasectomy?

After a vasectomy, the vas deferens (the tube that carries sperm) is cut or blocked, so sperm cannot reach the semen. However, IVF/ICSI is still possible by retrieving sperm directly from the testicles or epididymis. Here’s how:

1. Sperm Retrieval Methods

Depending on the situation, sperm can be collected using:

1. TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration): Using a needle to extract sperm directly from the testicle.
2. TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction): Surgically removing a small piece of testicular tissue and extracting sperm from it.
3. PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration): Extracting sperm from the epididymis with a needle.
4. MESA (Microsurgical Epididymal Sperm Aspiration): Using a microscope to carefully collect high-quality sperm from the epididymis.

2. IVF or ICSI

Since sperm retrieved directly may be few in number or have limited motility, ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) is usually used:

1. A single sperm is injected directly into an egg to achieve fertilization.

3. Embryo Culture and Transfer

1. Fertilized eggs develop into embryos in the lab.
2. Healthy embryos are then transferred to the uterus for pregnancy.

4. Alternative Option

1. Vasectomy Reversal: Surgically reconnecting the vas deferens to allow sperm to pass naturally. Success depends on the time since vasectomy and the man’s age.

Summary: Even after a vasectomy, having a child is possible with ICSI by retrieving sperm directly from the testicle or epididymis and usingIVF/ICSI to maximize the chances of fertilization.